职业技术

为探讨“信息茧房”是否存在及其对学生认知和思辨能力的潜在影响，促进学生全面发展、落实立德树人根本任务，文章使用问卷星对学生获取信息的方式、认知反应和对“信息茧房”的理解进行了调研。结果显示：社交媒体和数字平台是学生获取信息的主要途径，个性化推送机制容易导致信息的同质化，降低了学生接触多元观点的可能性；同时多数学生意识到“信息茧房”的存在，但只有少数学生主动寻求不同观点，存在认知封闭的风险。此外，学生获取信息的局限性影响了其批判性思维、创新思维的形成，以及社会交往能力和心理健康的发展。基于调研结果，建议在教学中通过创新教材设计，结合多媒体资源，促进学生接触多样化信息；鼓励学生参与跨学科学习和交流，拓展认知边界，培养学生的思辨能力，帮助学生提高信息筛选能力。学生自身也应增强信息选择的主动性，反思信息来源的科学性，减少对个性化推送的依赖，有效降低“信息茧房”对自身认知发展的负面影响，实现全面发展。

To explore whether the “information cocoon” exists and its potential impact on students' cognitive and critical thinking abilities, and to promote the all-round development of students and implement the fundamental task of moral education, this article uses Wenjuanxing to conduct a survey on students' ways of obtaining information, cognitive responses, and understanding of the “information cocoon”. The results show that social media and digital platforms are the main ways for students to obtain information. The personalized push mechanism is prone to leading to the homogenization of information and reduces the possibility of students being exposed to diverse viewpoints. Meanwhile, most students are aware of the existence of the “information cocoon”, but only a few students actively seek different viewpoints, posing a risk of cognitive isolation. Furthermore, the limitations of students' access to information have affected the formation of their critical thinking and innovative thinking, as well as the development of their social interaction skills and mental health. Based on the research results, it is suggested that in teaching, through innovative textbook design and combined with multimedia resources, students' exposure to diverse information should be promoted. Encourage students to participate in interdisciplinary learning and communication, expand their cognitive boundaries, cultivate their critical thinking abilities, and help them improve their information screening skills. Students themselves should also enhance their initiative in information selection, reflect on the scientific nature of information sources, reduce reliance on personalized push notifications, effectively mitigate the negative impact of the “information cocoon” on their cognitive development, and achieve all-round development.